The term "Sovereign Citizen" is a derogatory and weaponized label and propaganda used to describe men or women who claim sovereignty but lack a full understanding of the legal distinctions between public and private law, as outlined in CFR § 27.11 and Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3 of the U.S. Constitution. While these individuals may attempt to reserve their rights and operate independently, they often misuse legal terminology and fail to create unsworn declarations compliant with 28 U.S. Code § 1746. They misunderstand critical concepts like jurisdiction, contract law, and administrative procedures, and they incorrectly mix public and private law, leaving them unable to effectively assert and protect their rights under UCC § 1-308.
House Joint Resolution 192 of 1933 Public Law 73-10 and the Removal of Gold from America: a long time ago, back in 1933, the government had a big money problem. They couldn’t pay their bills, so they declared bankruptcy. To fix things, they created new rules. One of these was called Executive Order 6102, which made “U.S. citizens” turn in their gold coins and bars. In exchange, they received paper money called Federal Reserve Notes. But here’s the key part: this rule only applied to “U.S. citizens,” not to private citizens who knew they were different from that legal status.
Most people didn’t know the difference between the public and private sides of the law, so they unknowingly volunteered to give up their gold. By not understanding the difference, they became their ens legis, also known as their “straw man” “U.S. citizen,” or “trust,” or “bank,” or “corporation,” or “individual.” It is the fake version of themselves whether they consciously know it or know. The “U.S. citizen” is a “legal person” and a fiction—an entity. By volunteering to turn in their gold, these people also agreed to use Federal Reserve Notes instead of “lawful money,” which is gold and silver-backed. They entered into a contract without even realizing it, and contract is law and enforceable.
A "U.S. citizen" is a type of ens legis, which is a legal entity or artificial person created by the State. This "ens legis" operates exclusively in the public realm, where all interactions and activities are governed by statutory rules, regulations, and commercial laws. It is essentially the player piece needed to navigate the public side of society, as everything in the public is commercial in nature. The "U.S. citizen" is not a living, breathing individual but rather a fictional entity similar to a company, trust, corporation, or other artificial construct recognized by the State.
it has become common practice for employers to require Social Security Numbers (SSNs) as a condition of employment. This practice is widespread, despite clear legal limitations set forth by federal law, specifically under 42 U.S.C. § 408. It is important to understand that the Social Security Number (SSN) was never intended to be used for identification purposes, and the forced disclosure of this number by non-governmental entities is illegal.
Contracts, legally binding agreements between parties, are often formed through mutual consent, typically involving an offer and acceptance. Silence, known as tacit agreement, acquiescence, or tacit procuration, can also legally bind parties to contract terms. This concept becomes vital when challenging purported fraudulent loans like mortgages. Through the strategic use of commercial affidavits, one can utilize contract law principles such as the mailbox rule, the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), and relevant statutes to enforce or modify contract terms. However, it is equally important to recognize that using Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs) for debt payment may be interpreted as tacit acceptance of the contract’s terms, potentially resulting in the abandonment of one’s assets and exemptions. This action may further expose the purported borrower to legal risks under federal law.
When a purported borrower takes out a loan from a bank, it may seem as if the bank is lending its own money. However, under 12 U.S.C. § 83, banks are prohibited from lending their own funds. Instead, the bank uses the purported borrower’s promissory note—created through the borrower’s signature—as the source of credit. This note, becomes an asset on the bank’s books, allowing it to generate credit entries for a private monetary system without using its own capital. Importantly, no money leaves a bank account; all the credit generated is based on accounting entries.
Under Title 12 U.S.C. § 1813(l)(1), when the purported borrower deposits or surrenders a promissory note, it is considered a cash item. In this context, a financial institution, such as Chase or other entities, are legally obligated to treat the note as a cash equivalent and issue a cash receipt acknowledging the deposit of this asset.
A bill of exchange can function as "legal tender" or "tender of payment," but its status depends on acceptance and context but regardless, if tendered correctly, it does discharge the debt and respective amount tendered. It is a written instrument where one party (the drawer) orders another (the drawee) to pay a specific amount to a third party (the payee). While bills of exchange can be negotiable, they can also be non-negotiable, meaning they don’t always transfer ownership upon indorsement.
The change from using the term “chauffeur” to “driver” is not just about vocabulary; it’s a shift that allows states to regulate private vehicle use as commercial activity. This adjustment has significant implications for citizens, especially regarding the fundamental right to travel, which has been protected by the Supreme Court in numerous rulings. Let’s break down how this shift affects the distinction between private travel and state-regulated commercial driving.